grthtrhthjhtyjytjytkergtrhtrjytjerhrfh4:24 29/09/2026import io import os import webbrowser import unittest import sys import subprocess from unittest import mock from test import support from test.support import import_helper from test.support import os_helper if not support.has_subprocess_support: raise unittest.SkipTest("test webserver requires subprocess") URL = 'https://www.example.com' CMD_NAME = 'test' class PopenMock(mock.MagicMock): def poll(self): return 0 def wait(self, seconds=None): return 0 class CommandTestMixin: def _test(self, meth, *, args=[URL], kw={}, options, arguments): """Given a web browser instance method name along with arguments and keywords for same (which defaults to the single argument URL), creates a browser instance from the class pointed to by self.browser, calls the indicated instance method with the indicated arguments, and compares the resulting options and arguments passed to Popen by the browser instance against the 'options' and 'args' lists. Options are compared in a position independent fashion, and the arguments are compared in sequence order to whatever is left over after removing the options. """ popen = PopenMock() support.patch(self, subprocess, 'Popen', popen) browser = self.browser_class(name=CMD_NAME) getattr(browser, meth)(*args, **kw) popen_args = subprocess.Popen.call_args[0][0] self.assertEqual(popen_args[0], CMD_NAME) popen_args.pop(0) for option in options: self.assertIn(option, popen_args) popen_args.pop(popen_args.index(option)) self.assertEqual(popen_args, arguments) def test_reject_dash_prefixes(self): browser = self.browser_class(name=CMD_NAME) with self.assertRaisesRegex( ValueError, r"^Invalid URL \(leading dash disallowed\): '--key=val http.*'$" ): browser.open(f"--key=val {URL}") class GenericBrowserCommandTest(CommandTestMixin, unittest.TestCase): browser_class = webbrowser.GenericBrowser def test_open(self): self._test('open', options=[], arguments=[URL]) class BackgroundBrowserCommandTest(CommandTestMixin, unittest.TestCase): browser_class = webbrowser.BackgroundBrowser def test_open(self): self._test('open', options=[], arguments=[URL]) class ChromeCommandTest(CommandTestMixin, unittest.TestCase): browser_class = webbrowser.Chrome def test_open(self): self._test('open', options=[], arguments=[URL]) def test_open_with_autoraise_false(self): self._test('open', kw=dict(autoraise=False), options=[], arguments=[URL]) def test_open_new(self): self._test('open_new', options=['--new-window'], arguments=[URL]) def test_open_new_tab(self): self._test('open_new_tab', options=[], arguments=[URL]) def test_reject_action_dash_prefixes(self): browser = self.browser_class(name=CMD_NAME) with self.assertRaises(ValueError): browser.open('%action--incognito') # new=1: action is "--new-window", so "%action" itself expands to # a dash-prefixed flag even with no dash in the original URL. with self.assertRaises(ValueError): browser.open('%action', new=1) class EdgeCommandTest(CommandTestMixin, unittest.TestCase): browser_class = webbrowser.Edge def test_open(self): self._test('open', options=[], arguments=[URL]) def test_open_with_autoraise_false(self): self._test('open', kw=dict(autoraise=False), options=[], arguments=[URL]) def test_open_new(self): self._test('open_new', options=['--new-window'], arguments=[URL]) def test_open_new_tab(self): self._test('open_new_tab', options=[], arguments=[URL]) class MozillaCommandTest(CommandTestMixin, unittest.TestCase): browser_class = webbrowser.Mozilla def test_open(self): self._test('open', options=[], arguments=[URL]) def test_open_with_autoraise_false(self): self._test('open', kw=dict(autoraise=False), options=[], arguments=[URL]) def test_open_new(self): self._test('open_new', options=[], arguments=['-new-window', URL]) def test_open_new_tab(self): self._test('open_new_tab', options=[], arguments=['-new-tab', URL]) class EpiphanyCommandTest(CommandTestMixin, unittest.TestCase): browser_class = webbrowser.Epiphany def test_open(self): self._test('open', options=['-n'], arguments=[URL]) def test_open_with_autoraise_false(self): self._test('open', kw=dict(autoraise=False), options=['-noraise', '-n'], arguments=[URL]) def test_open_new(self): self._test('open_new', options=['-w'], arguments=[URL]) def test_open_new_tab(self): self._test('open_new_tab', options=['-w'], arguments=[URL]) class OperaCommandTest(CommandTestMixin, unittest.TestCase): browser_class = webbrowser.Opera def test_open(self): self._test('open', options=[], arguments=[URL]) def test_open_with_autoraise_false(self): self._test('open', kw=dict(autoraise=False), options=[], arguments=[URL]) def test_open_new(self): self._test('open_new', options=['--new-window'], arguments=[URL]) def test_open_new_tab(self): self._test('open_new_tab', options=[], arguments=[URL]) class ELinksCommandTest(CommandTestMixin, unittest.TestCase): browser_class = webbrowser.Elinks def test_open(self): self._test('open', options=['-remote'], arguments=['openURL({})'.format(URL)]) def test_open_with_autoraise_false(self): self._test('open', options=['-remote'], arguments=['openURL({})'.format(URL)]) def test_open_new(self): self._test('open_new', options=['-remote'], arguments=['openURL({},new-window)'.format(URL)]) def test_open_new_tab(self): self._test('open_new_tab', options=['-remote'], arguments=['openURL({},new-tab)'.format(URL)]) class MockPopenPipe: def __init__(self, cmd, mode): self.cmd = cmd self.mode = mode self.pipe = io.StringIO() self._closed = False def write(self, buf): self.pipe.write(buf) def close(self): self._closed = True return None @unittest.skipUnless(sys.platform == "darwin", "macOS specific test") class MacOSXOSAScriptTest(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): # Ensure that 'BROWSER' is not set to 'open' or something else. # See: https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/131254. env = self.enterContext(os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard()) env.unset("BROWSER") support.patch(self, os, "popen", self.mock_popen) self.browser = webbrowser.MacOSXOSAScript("default") def mock_popen(self, cmd, mode): self.popen_pipe = MockPopenPipe(cmd, mode) return self.popen_pipe def test_default(self): browser = webbrowser.get() assert isinstance(browser, webbrowser.MacOSXOSAScript) self.assertEqual(browser.name, "default") def test_default_open(self): url = "https://python.org" self.browser.open(url) self.assertTrue(self.popen_pipe._closed) self.assertEqual(self.popen_pipe.cmd, "/usr/bin/osascript") script = self.popen_pipe.pipe.getvalue() self.assertEqual(script.strip(), f'open location "{url}"') def test_url_quote(self): self.browser.open('https://python.org/"quote"') script = self.popen_pipe.pipe.getvalue() self.assertEqual( script.strip(), 'open location "https://python.org/%22quote%22"' ) def test_explicit_browser(self): browser = webbrowser.MacOSXOSAScript("safari") browser.open("https://python.org") script = self.popen_pipe.pipe.getvalue() self.assertIn('tell application "safari"', script) self.assertIn('open location "https://python.org"', script) def test_reject_dash_prefixes(self): with self.assertRaisesRegex( ValueError, r"^Invalid URL \(leading dash disallowed\): '--key=val http.*'$" ): self.browser.open(f"--key=val {URL}") class BrowserRegistrationTest(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): # Ensure we don't alter the real registered browser details self._saved_tryorder = webbrowser._tryorder webbrowser._tryorder = [] self._saved_browsers = webbrowser._browsers webbrowser._browsers = {} def tearDown(self): webbrowser._tryorder = self._saved_tryorder webbrowser._browsers = self._saved_browsers def _check_registration(self, preferred): class ExampleBrowser: pass expected_tryorder = [] expected_browsers = {} self.assertEqual(webbrowser._tryorder, expected_tryorder) self.assertEqual(webbrowser._browsers, expected_browsers) webbrowser.register('Example1', ExampleBrowser) expected_tryorder = ['Example1'] expected_browsers['example1'] = [ExampleBrowser, None] self.assertEqual(webbrowser._tryorder, expected_tryorder) self.assertEqual(webbrowser._browsers, expected_browsers) instance = ExampleBrowser() if preferred is not None: webbrowser.register('example2', ExampleBrowser, instance, preferred=preferred) else: webbrowser.register('example2', ExampleBrowser, instance) if preferred: expected_tryorder = ['example2', 'Example1'] else: expected_tryorder = ['Example1', 'example2'] expected_browsers['example2'] = [ExampleBrowser, instance] self.assertEqual(webbrowser._tryorder, expected_tryorder) self.assertEqual(webbrowser._browsers, expected_browsers) def test_register(self): self._check_registration(preferred=False) def test_register_default(self): self._check_registration(preferred=None) def test_register_preferred(self): self._check_registration(preferred=True) class ImportTest(unittest.TestCase): def test_register(self): webbrowser = import_helper.import_fresh_module('webbrowser') self.assertIsNone(webbrowser._tryorder) self.assertFalse(webbrowser._browsers) class ExampleBrowser: pass webbrowser.register('Example1', ExampleBrowser) self.assertTrue(webbrowser._tryorder) self.assertEqual(webbrowser._tryorder[-1], 'Example1') self.assertTrue(webbrowser._browsers) self.assertIn('example1', webbrowser._browsers) self.assertEqual(webbrowser._browsers['example1'], [ExampleBrowser, None]) def test_get(self): webbrowser = import_helper.import_fresh_module('webbrowser') self.assertIsNone(webbrowser._tryorder) self.assertFalse(webbrowser._browsers) with self.assertRaises(webbrowser.Error): webbrowser.get('fakebrowser') self.assertIsNotNone(webbrowser._tryorder) def test_synthesize(self): webbrowser = import_helper.import_fresh_module('webbrowser') name = os.path.basename(sys.executable).lower() webbrowser.register(name, None, webbrowser.GenericBrowser(name)) webbrowser.get(sys.executable) def test_environment(self): webbrowser = import_helper.import_fresh_module('webbrowser') try: browser = webbrowser.get().name except webbrowser.Error as err: self.skipTest(str(err)) with os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as env: env["BROWSER"] = browser webbrowser = import_helper.import_fresh_module('webbrowser') webbrowser.get() def test_environment_preferred(self): webbrowser = import_helper.import_fresh_module('webbrowser') try: webbrowser.get() least_preferred_browser = webbrowser.get(webbrowser._tryorder[-1]).name except (webbrowser.Error, IndexError) as err: self.skipTest(str(err)) with os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as env: env["BROWSER"] = least_preferred_browser webbrowser = import_helper.import_fresh_module('webbrowser') self.assertEqual(webbrowser.get().name, least_preferred_browser) with os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard() as env: env["BROWSER"] = sys.executable webbrowser = import_helper.import_fresh_module('webbrowser') self.assertEqual(webbrowser.get().name, sys.executable) if __name__=='__main__': unittest.main()